A list of alternatives for Adobe software, originally collected by @XdanielArt and improved upon by the community. Feel free to open issues or pull requests, or create an image (for easy sharing) out of the data. The lists are always ordered with the free and open-source option on top, but it might not be the best alternative depending on your use case.

Legend:

• ✨ = Free and open-source (or source available)
• ⭐️ = Free of charge
• 💵 = Single purchase
• 🔒 = Subscription for more functions
• ⌛ = Free trial

Alternatives to:

• Photoshop
• Illustrator
• Animate
• InDesign
• Substance
• Lightroom
• XD
• Premiere
• Acrobat
• Bridge
• Dreamweaver
• Media Encoder
• ColdFusion
• Audition
• After Effects
• Mixamo

• ✨ PhotoGIMP (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ GIMP (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨️ Pinta (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ digiKam (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵) Paint.NET (Windows)
• ⭐️ (💵) Photopea (Browser)
• ⭐️ (💵, 🔒) Sumopaint (Browser, Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Pixlr (Browser)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Affinity (Windows, macOS, iOS(under development))
• 💵 Pixelmator Pro (macOS)
• 💵 PaintShop Pro (Windows)
• 💵 Photoline (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Acorn (macOS)

• ✨ Krita (Windows, macOS, Linux, Android)
• ✨ MyPaint (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Tux Paint (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Kleki (Browser)
• ⭐️ (🔒) IbisPaint (Windows, Android, iOS)
• ⭐️ (💵) Sketchbook (Windows, macOS, Android, iOS)
• ⭐️ FireAlpaca (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ MediBang (Windows, macOS, Android)
• 💵 Paintstorm (Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS)
• 💵 Corel Painter (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Rebelle (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 (🔒) Clip Studio Paint (Windows, macOS, Android, iOS)
• 💵 PaintTool SAI (Windows)
• 💵 Procreate (iOS)
• 💵 Linea Sketch (iOS)
• 💵 Artstudio Pro (iOS)
• 💵 Infinite Studio (Android, iOS)
• 💵 Realistic Paint Studio (Windows, macOS, iOS)
• 💵 ArtRage (Windows, macOS, Android, iOS)

• ✨ Pixelorama (Browser, Windows, macOS, Linux, Raspberry Pi)
• ✨ PixiEditor (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ LibreSprite (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ GrafX2 (Windows, Linux, Android)
• ✨ Piskel (Browser, Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ (or 💵) Aseprite (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Lospec Pixel Editor (Browser)
• ⭐️ Pixel Studio (Windows, macOS)
• ⭐️ Microsoft Paint (Windows)
• ⭐️ GraphicsGale (Windows)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Pixilart (Browser, Android, iOS)
• ⭐️ (🔒) dotpict (Android, iOS)
• 💵 Pro Motion NG (Windows)
• 💵 Lightcube (Windows)
• 💵 Pyxel Edit (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 Pixquare (macOS, iOS)

• ✨ Inkscape (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Graphite (Browser now / Windows, macOS, Linux apps in future)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Linearity Curve (macOS, iOS)
• ⭐️ Affinity (Windows, macOS, iOS(under development))
• 💵 (⌛) Boxy SVG (Browser)
• 💵 Amadine (macOS, iOS)
• 💵 Xara Designer (Windows)
• 🔒 Corel Vector (Browser)

• ✨ SVGcode (Browser)
• ✨ VTracer (Browser, Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ CR8tracer (Windows)
• 💵 Vector Magic (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• 🔒 Rive (Browser, Windows, macOS)
• ✨ Tahoma2D (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Bforartists (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Blender (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ OpenToonz (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Wick Editor (Browser)
• ✨ Synfig (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Glaxnimate (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Linearity Move (macOS, iOS)
• 💵 CACANi (Windows)
• 💵 TVPaint (Windows, macOS, Linux, Android)
• 💵 Toon Boom (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 Clip Studio Paint (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Moho (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Tumult Hype (macOS)

• ✨ Krita (Windows, macOS, Linux, Android)
• ✨ Pencil2D (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ FireAlpaca (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ Scribus (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Laidout (Linux)
• ⭐️ Affinity (Windows, macOS, iOS(under development))
• 💵 QuarkXPress (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Swift Publisher (macOS)

• ✨ Material Maker (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Quixel Mixer (Windows, macOS)
• ⭐️ InstaMAT (Windows, macOS)
• ⭐️ PixaFlux (Windows, macOS)

• ✨ UcuPaint (Blender Extension)
• ✨ (💵)ArmorPaint (Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android)
• ⭐️ Quixel Mixer (Windows, macOS)
• ⭐️ InstaMAT (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 3DCoat (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 (or 🔒) Marmoset Toolbag (Windows, macOS)
• 🔒 Mari (Windows, Linux)

• ✨ ArmorLab (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ Meshroom (Windows, Linux)
• ⭐️ RealityCapture (Windows)

• ✨ ART (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ RawTherapee (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Darktable (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ digiKam (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ RapidRAW (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 (or 🔒) Darkroom (macOS, iOS)
• 💵 Photomator (macOS, iOS)
• 💵 ON1 Photo RAW (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 FastRawViewer (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Capture One (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Dx0 PhotoLab (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Luminar Neo (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Aurora HDR (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Tonfotos (Windows, Linux, macOS)
• 💵 Zoner Studio (Windows)

• ✨ Penpot (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Draftoola (Linux)
• ✨ Quant-UX (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Lunacy (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Figma (Browser, Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Sketch (macOS)
• 💵 Origami Studio (macOS)
• 💵 Axure RP (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Principle (macOS)
• 🔒 Framer (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ Blender (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Olive (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Kdenlive (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Shotcut (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ OpenShot (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ AVIDemux (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ VidCutter (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ LiVES (macOS, Linux)
• ✨ VirtualDub (Windows)
• ✨ Pitivi (Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵) Lightworks (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ PIKIMOV (Browser)
• ⭐️ wide.video (Browser)
• ⭐️ (💵) HitFilm (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵) DaVinci Resolve (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 (or 🔒) VEGAS Pro (Windows)
• 💵 Final Cut Pro (macOS, iOS)
• 🔒 AVID Media Composer (Windows, macOS)
• 🔒 Kapwing (Browser)
• 🔒 CapCut (Browser, Windows, Android, iOS)

• ✨ PDF Arranger (Windows, Linux)
• ✨ LibreOffice Draw (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Inkscape (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Stirling-PDF (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Scribus (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ PDFtk (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵, 🔒) Foxit (Windows, macOS, Android, iOS, Browser)
• ⭐️ PDFgear (Windows, macOS, Android, iOS)
• ⭐️ PDF24 (Windows)
• 💵 PDF-XChange (Windows)
• 💵 (or 🔒) PDF Expert (macOS, iOS)
• 🔒 Bluebeam (Browser, Windows, Android, iOS)
• 🔒 Xodo (Browser, Windows, Android, iOS)

• ✨ Zathura (Linux)
• ✨ Sioyek (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Sumatra PDF (Windows)
• ✨ Okular (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Evince (Windows, Linux)
• ✨ XPDFReader (Windows, Linux)
• ✨ EmbedPDF (Browser)

• ⭐️ XnView MP (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 (⌛) Eagle (Windows, macOS)
• 🔒 Anchorpoint (Windows, macOS)

• ✨ Pulsar (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ NetBeans (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ VSCodium (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Visual Studio Code (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ PageFabric (Windows)
• ⭐️ (🔒) WebStorm (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 (🔒) Nova (macOS)
• 🔒 PHPStorm (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ Handbrake (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ (🔒) BoxLang (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ Tenacity (Windows, Linux)
• ✨ Audacity (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Ocenaudio (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵) DaVinci Resolve Fairlight (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Wavosaur (Windows)
• 💵 GoldWave (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 iZotope RX (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Sound Forge (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Fission (macOS)

• ✨ (💵, 🔒) Ardour (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ (💵, 🔒) Zrythm (Windows, macOS, Linux, FreeBSD)
• ✨ LMMS (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Cakewalk (Windows)
• ⭐️ GarageBand (macOS)
• ⭐️ (💵) Tracktion (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Pro Tools (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Mixbus (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 Reaper (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 Logic Pro (macOS, iOS)
• 💵 Ableton Live (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 FL Studio (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 FL Studio Mobile (Windows, macOS, Android, iOS)
• 💵 Bitwig (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 Steinberg Wavelab (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Steinberg Cubase (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Steinberg Nuendo (Windows, macOS)
• 🔒 Studio One (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 🔒 Cakewalk Next (Windows)
• 🔒 Cakewalk Sonar (Windows)

• ✨ Natron (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Bforartists (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Blender (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Gaffer (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵) DaVinci Resolve Fusion (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (💵) Fusion (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ Unreal Engine (Motion Graphics Tools) (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 💵 (⌛🔒) Autograph (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 🔒 Autodesk Flame (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 🔒 Autodesk Maya (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 🔒 Nuke (Windows, macOS, Linux)

• ✨ Cables (Browser, Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Tooll3 (Windows)
• ✨ Bforartists (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Blender (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ Friction (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ✨ AstroFox (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Linearity Move (macOS, iOS)
• ⭐️ (🔒) Cavalry (Windows, macOS)
• 💵 Final Cut Pro (Motion) (macOS, iOS)
• 💵 (⌛🔒) Autograph (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• 🔒 Jitter (Browser)

• ✨ Mesh2Motion (Browser)